State Reform School, 1895 Report

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 +
2nd Annual Report (1895)
 +
 +
==Staff==
 
Supervising Board
 
Supervising Board
 
*Governor, John E. Rickards, Helena
 
*Governor, John E. Rickards, Helena
Line 33: Line 36:
 
*Miss [[Mary McGovern]]
 
*Miss [[Mary McGovern]]
  
 +
==Residents==
 
{|
 
{|
−
|Status||Boys||Girls||Both
+
|'''Status'''||'''Boys'''||'''Girls'''||'''Both'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Number on roll December 1, 1895||43||7
 
|Number on roll December 1, 1895||43||7
Line 52: Line 56:
 
|Whole number enrolled|| || ||64||
 
|Whole number enrolled|| || ||64||
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 +
{|
 +
|'''Age'''||'''Boys'''||'''Girls'''
 +
|-
 +
|Eight||9||2
 +
|-
 +
|Nine||2||
 +
|-
 +
|Ten||2||1
 +
|-
 +
|Eleven||3||
 +
|-
 +
|Twelve||1||
 +
|-
 +
|Thirteen||4||1
 +
|-
 +
|Fourteen||6||
 +
|-
 +
|Fifteen||2||3
 +
|-
 +
|Sixteen||3||
 +
|-
 +
|Seventeen||9||
 +
|-
 +
|Eighteen||3||
 +
|-
 +
|Nineteen||3||
 +
|-
 +
|Twenty||1||
 +
|}
 +
 +
Those committed this year were for the crime of—
 +
{|
 +
|'''Offense'''||'''Boys'''||'''Girls'''
 +
|-
 +
|Burglary||4||
 +
|-
 +
|Forgery||1||
 +
|-
 +
|Grand Larceny||4||
 +
|-
 +
|Incorrigibility||10||1
 +
|-
 +
|Petit Tiarceny||4||
 +
|-
 +
|Rape||1||
 +
|-
 +
|Vagrancy||4||1
 +
|}
 +
 +
==Projects==
 
The year just closed has been a very busy one. Beside doing the regular work of the institution we have:
 
The year just closed has been a very busy one. Beside doing the regular work of the institution we have:
 
* erected a brick '''barn''' 40'x80' two stories high. In this are stalls for nine horses and nine cows, two box stalls for young stock, one crib, one feed room, one harness room and two rooms for the boys and officers and sufficient mow room for eighty tons of hay.  
 
* erected a brick '''barn''' 40'x80' two stories high. In this are stalls for nine horses and nine cows, two box stalls for young stock, one crib, one feed room, one harness room and two rooms for the boys and officers and sufficient mow room for eighty tons of hay.  
Line 59: Line 114:
 
::*Second floor contains two schoolrooms 25'x40' each, two clothes-rooms 10'x21' each, five living rooms 16'x20', one bath-room 8' "x20' for employees, also a '''hall''' 9'x65'.
 
::*Second floor contains two schoolrooms 25'x40' each, two clothes-rooms 10'x21' each, five living rooms 16'x20', one bath-room 8' "x20' for employees, also a '''hall''' 9'x65'.
 
::*Third floor contains two '''dormitories''' 40'x53', one '''living room''' 21'x21', two '''clothes rooms''' 10'x20'.
 
::*Third floor contains two '''dormitories''' 40'x53', one '''living room''' 21'x21', two '''clothes rooms''' 10'x20'.
−
* built a '''small house over our root-cellar''' which we intend using for a Hennery and carpenter shop. Beside being
+
* built a '''small house over our root-cellar''' which we intend using for a Hennery and carpenter shop. Beside being of use for these purposes it will be of great help in keeping the cellar warm.<br>
−
of use for these purposes it will be of great help in keeping the cellar warm.
+
 
(''Room measurements approximate'')
 
(''Room measurements approximate'')
 +
 
Our Boys have done the greater portion of the work on these
 
Our Boys have done the greater portion of the work on these
 
two buildings, thus enabling many of them to become fair
 
two buildings, thus enabling many of them to become fair
Line 70: Line 125:
 
trade, the chance to accomplish all they could during this season's
 
trade, the chance to accomplish all they could during this season's
 
work, than to give all of them a smattering of the work
 
work, than to give all of them a smattering of the work
−
whether they had a taste for it or not.
+
whether they had a taste for it or not. Beside the great good this work has done our boys it has
−
 
+
−
Beside the great good this work has done our boys it has
+
 
been a great saving to the tax-payers of the state and enabled
 
been a great saving to the tax-payers of the state and enabled
 
us to get a larger and better building for the money appropriated.
 
us to get a larger and better building for the money appropriated.
  
−
 
+
==Description of the school==
−
DESCRIPTION OF THE SCHOOL.
+
The farm consists of one hundred acres located 1.25
−
The farm consists of one hundred acres located one and onefourth
+
−
miles east of Miles City, in the fertile valley of the Yellowstone.
+
−
From the tower of the building one gets a good
+
−
view of this the swiftest navigable river on the globe, and its
+
−
tributary the Tongue Kiver, and their valleys for many miles.
+
−
The soil is a sandy loam and the productions far exceed all expectations,
+
 
sixty acres of the farm were purchased the 26th of
 
sixty acres of the farm were purchased the 26th of
 
last April, all but three acres have been cleared and thirty-five
 
last April, all but three acres have been cleared and thirty-five
 
acres were put under cultivation this season. With some
 
acres were put under cultivation this season. With some
−
leveling every foot of the farm can be put under a high state of
+
leveling, every foot of the farm can be put under a high state of
 
cultivation.
 
cultivation.
 +
 
The buildings are of brick, the one occupied now is 50'xlOO'
 
The buildings are of brick, the one occupied now is 50'xlOO'
 
three stories high, the one under process of construction is
 
three stories high, the one under process of construction is
 
53'xl05' and is also three stories.
 
53'xl05' and is also three stories.
 +
 
The institution is lighted throughout with electricity furnished
 
The institution is lighted throughout with electricity furnished
 
by the Electric Light and Water Co., of Miles City.
 
by the Electric Light and Water Co., of Miles City.
−
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
+
 
−
ROOT CELLAR.
+
===Root cellar===
−
This map:ni(ieenl. cellar has been binned so as to allow fresh
+
This magnificent cellar has been binned so as to allow fresh
−
air to circnlate entirely aronnd encli bin. Its enpacity is snflfitient
+
air to circulate entirely around each bin. Its capacity is sufficient
−
for all the vegetjibles the school can consume dnrinj; the
+
for all the vegetables the school can consume during the
 
year.
 
year.
−
LAWNS.
+
 
−
We are being rewarded for our hard labor and expense, by
+
===Lawns===
−
bcaiilifnl lawns. Last spring we planted one hnndred American
+
Last spring we planted one hundred American
−
elm, one hnndred Lonibardy Po])lar, fifty Balm Oillead,
+
elm, one hundred Lombardy Poplar, fifty Balm Gillead,
−
two hnndred native cottonwood, one hnndred and tifty assorted
+
two hundred native cottonwood, one hundred and fifty assorted
−
frnit trees and the per cent of loss was small, not to exceed one
+
fruit trees and the per cent of loss was small, not to exceed one
 
dozen trees.
 
dozen trees.
−
I have tried transplanting tlie native pines in every position,
+
 
−
I could learn of, jind at all times of the year, but have only
+
I have tried transplanting the native pines in every position,
−
saved seventeen out of s(^ven hundred and fifty transplanted,
+
I could learn of, and at all times of the year, but have only
 +
saved seventeen out of seven hundred and fifty transplanted,
 
these were dug up while the ground was frozen and hauled in
 
these were dug up while the ground was frozen and hauled in
−
Avith two feet of earth frozen to the roots, this I think is the
+
with two feet of earth frozen to the roots, this I think is the
 
best way to get them to live, yet I lost so many that were treated
 
best way to get them to live, yet I lost so many that were treated
−
so that 1 am not certain and have about given u]t all hope
+
so that 1 am not certain and have about given up all hope
 
of getting them to live in this soil.
 
of getting them to live in this soil.
−
OROIIATiD.
+
 
−
This consists of over three hnndred assorted fruit trees, they
+
===Orchard===
−
have made a rapid growth and the ]U'os])ect for an orchard is
+
This consists of over three hundred assorted fruit trees, they
 +
have made a rapid growth and the prospect for an orchard is
 
good. The soil around each one was thoroughly soaked just
 
good. The soil around each one was thoroughly soaked just
 
before the cold weather set in and we believe this will save the
 
before the cold weather set in and we believe this will save the
−
trees froui heaving dni'ing the thaws and freezes in the S])ring.
+
trees from heaving during the thaws and freezes in the spring.
−
GARDEN.
+
 
 +
===Garden===
 
This has been an exceptionally bad season for this work yet
 
This has been an exceptionally bad season for this work yet
 
we have succeeded in raising enough vegetables for our use.
 
we have succeeded in raising enough vegetables for our use.
 
Currants and gooseberries, those that were planted one year
 
Currants and gooseberries, those that were planted one year
−
ago made an excellent growth jind to these have been added
+
ago made an excellent growth and to these have been added
−
five hundred of each, aiul in two years they will produce all the
+
five hundred of each, and in two years they will produce all the
−
school can c(»nsume.
+
school can consume.
 
Strawberries, last fall a part of the patch was covered with
 
Strawberries, last fall a part of the patch was covered with
−
the verv best stable manure and the balance with tomato vines.
+
the very best stable manure and the balance with tomato vines.
−
8 REPORT OF
+
Those covered so carefully with manure died, while the ones
−
TJiose covered so (tirefully with mamire died while the ones
+
covered with vines lived and made a good stooling this season.
−
covered with vines lived and made a cjood stooliuo- this season.
+
 
−
PRODUCTS.
+
====Products====
−
Asparagus, from two year old roots.
+
Asparagus, from two year old roots
 
Beans, green
 
Beans, green
 
Beans, dry
 
Beans, dry
Line 144: Line 196:
 
Carrots, stock
 
Carrots, stock
 
Celery
 
Celery
−
Corn, roasting ears .
+
Corn, roasting ears  
−
.
+
 
(lorn, dried
 
(lorn, dried
 
Corn, Brown Madura.
 
Corn, Brown Madura.
 
Corn, broom
 
Corn, broom
 
Cucumbers, sliced . .
 
Cucumbers, sliced . .
−
.
 
 
Cucumbers, pickled.
 
Cucumbers, pickled.
 
Lettuce
 
Lettuce
Line 211: Line 261:
 
C,000 "
 
C,000 "
 
85,000 "
 
85,000 "
−
PRODUCTS OF THE FARM.
+
 
−
Corn, Frozpn September 14
+
====Inventory of garden tools====
−
Fodder
+
−
Oats
+
−
21,000 pounds
+
−
45,000 '•
+
−
40,000 "
+
−
LIST OF FARMING IMPLEMENTS.
+
−
Sulky Breaking Plow .
+
−
Stubble Plow
+
−
Disc Harrow
+
−
Tooth Harrow
+
−
Single cultivator
+
−
Double Shovel Plow ...
+
−
Cutting box
+
−
Road Wagons
+
−
Spring Wagons
+
−
Double Harness, heavy.
+
−
Double Harness, light .
+
−
3H set
+
−
1 set
+
−
STATE REFORM SCHOOL.
+
−
Buggy Iliuness 1
+
−
Saddle 1
+
−
Bridle 1
+
−
Horse blankets 3
+
−
LIST OF GARDKN TOOLS.
+
 
Hoes 34
 
Hoes 34
 
Mattocks 15
 
Mattocks 15
 
Mower, Lawn 1
 
Mower, Lawn 1
−
Rakes ai
+
Rakes 20
 
Shovels 19
 
Shovels 19
 
Scoops 3
 
Scoops 3
−
Spades !J4
+
Spades 24
 
Drill 1
 
Drill 1
−
LIST OF CARPENTKKS TOOLS.
+
 
 +
===Farm===
 +
====Farm products====
 +
Corn, Frozpn September 14 21,000 lbs
 +
Fodder 45,000 lbs
 +
Oats 40,000 lbs
 +
 
 +
====Inventory of farm implements====
 +
Sulky Breaking Plow 1
 +
Stubble Plow 1
 +
Disc Harrow 1
 +
Tooth Harrow 1
 +
Single cultivator 2
 +
Double Shovel Plow 1
 +
Cutting box 1
 +
Road Wagons 3
 +
Spring Wagons 1
 +
Double Harness, heavy 3.5 sets
 +
Double Harness, light 1 set
 +
Buggy Harness 1
 +
Saddle 1
 +
Bridle 1
 +
Horse blankets 3
 +
 
 +
====Livestock====
 +
Horses 7
 +
Cows, dry 2
 +
Cows, giving milk 6
 +
Heifers, two years old 2
 +
Calves, weanlings 4
 +
 
 +
HOGS.
 +
Brood Sows 9
 +
Hogs, 200 pounds 2
 +
Shoats, 50-70 pounds 19
 +
Shoats, 30-40 pounds 4
 +
Suckling Pigs 8
 +
Boar 1
 +
Total 41
 +
 
 +
===Inventory of carpentry tools===
 
Axe 1
 
Axe 1
 
Brace 1
 
Brace 1
−
Bitts T
+
Bitts 7
 
Bar 1
 
Bar 1
 
Drawing Knife 1
 
Drawing Knife 1
 
Chisel 2
 
Chisel 2
−
Hammers ti
+
Hammers 6
 
Hatchets 1
 
Hatchets 1
 
Hand-axe 2
 
Hand-axe 2
−
THE STOCK CONSISTS OP
+
 
−
Horses 7
+
==Schools==
−
Cows, dry -
+
To give the larger boys the full benefit of masonry and carpentry
−
Cows, giving milk l>
+
they were detained from school to finish the brick work
−
Heifers, two years old ~
+
but now that that work has been completed all arc assigned to
−
Calves, weanlings 4
+
school and arc studying to make up for the time spent at their
−
HOGS.
+
trade. They attend as last year one half of each day and are
−
Brood Sows -. il
+
employed at different work the other half.
−
Hogs, '200 ))ounds ~
+
−
Slioats, 50 pounds to 70 pounds 19
+
−
ShoatH, 3" pounds to 40 pounds 4
+
−
Suckling I'igs (>
+
−
Boar 1
+
−
Total 11
+
−
Yon can see by the followin*? table that some of oiii' children
+
−
have been detained in jail for many Avceks notwit.hstaudino'
+
−
the fact that the law allows the Jad^ies of the District Conrts
+
−
to commit < liildnMi either in chambers or in term time.
+
−
Time si)ent in jail before and after trial of those committed
+
−
dnring the year.
+
−
Boys Girls
+
−
One day ~
+
−
Two days 1
+
−
One to two weeks 9 2
+
−
Two to three weeks 1
+
−
Three to four weeks 7
+
−
Four to five weeks 1
+
−
Eight weeks 3
+
−
Twelve weeks 2
+
−
Not in jail 2
+
−
16 REl>ORT OF
+
−
Their ages are— Boj-s Girls
+
−
Eight 9 2
+
−
Nine 2
+
−
Ten 2 1
+
−
Eleven 3
+
−
Twelve 1
+
−
Thirteen 4 1
+
−
Fourteen 6
+
−
Fifteen 2 3
+
−
Sixteen 3
+
−
Seventeen 9
+
−
Eighteen 3
+
−
Nineteen 3
+
−
Twenty 1
+
−
Those committed this year were for the crime of—
+
−
Burglary 4
+
−
Forgery 1
+
−
Grand Larceny 4
+
−
Incorrigibility 10 1
+
−
Petit Tiarceny 4
+
−
Rape 1
+
−
Vagrancy 4 1
+
−
Showing nationalities of Parents
+
−
—
+
−
Americans 19 4
+
−
Canada 3
+
−
Finland 1
+
−
German 4
+
−
Irish 5
+
−
Negro 1 1
+
−
Welsh 2
+
−
Unknown 4
+
−
Social and domestic relation of children —
+
−
Both parents living
+
−
Both parents dead
+
−
Mother living
+
−
Mother dead
+
−
Father living
+
−
Father dead
+
−
Mother and Stepfather
+
−
Mother and Stepmother
+
−
Father and Stepmother
+
−
Father and Stepfather
+
−
Stepfather and Stepmother
+
−
Fatlier and mother separated
+
−
Parents who use intoxicants
+
−
Mothers who use intoxicants
+
−
Fathers who use intoxicants
+
−
Children who use intoxicants
+
−
Father used tobacco
+
−
Mother used tobacco
+
−
Children used tobacco ~'
+
−
Showing birthplace of children
+
−
—
+
−
Canada
+
−
Colorado 1
+
−
England 1
+
−
Finland ^
+
−
Idaho • 1
+
−
Illinois ^
+
−
Iowa 1 ^
+
−
Ireland 1
+
−
Kansas 1 1
+
−
31
+
−
STATE REFORM SCHOOL. II
+
−
IJrty.s Girls
+
−
Montana !) 4
+
−
iN ew York 1
+
−
Nevada a
+
−
Ohio 3
+
−
Pennsylvania 1
+
−
South Dakota 1
+
−
Utah I
+
−
Wyoming 2
+
−
Wisconsin 1 1
+
−
Kumberfrom each County
+
−
—
+
−
Cascade i) 1
+
−
Choteau 4
+
−
Custer 4 1
+
−
'''ergus 4 3
+
−
Oiillatin 4 1
+
−
Jefferson 1
+
−
Lewis and Clarke 7
+
−
Missoula 3
+
−
Park 4
+
−
Silver Bow 2 1
+
−
Yellowstone ~'
+
−
Educaiion of children before commitment-
+
−
Could not read , 5 3
+
−
Could read in First Reader 4
+
−
Could read in Second Reader 4
+
−
Could read in Third Reader ! 10
+
−
Could read in Fourth Header r~ 3
+
−
Could read in Fifth Roader .... f> 1
+
−
Arithmetic
+
−
—
+
−
Had not studied arithmetic 11 4
+
−
Had studied intermediate 18 2
+
−
Had studied beyond fractions T
+
−
Were well advanced
+
−
Geography-
+
−
Had not studied Geography 15 4
+
−
Had studied Primary 11 ~
+
−
Had studied Ailviinced T 1
+
−
Writing-
+
−
Could not Write 8 3
+
−
Could vrite names 1
+
−
Could write legible 3'J 4
+
−
SCHOOLS.
+
−
To give 11)0 larjicr boys tl»e full benefit of masonrv and caipeiitrv
+
−
they were d-'tained from school to fiiiisli tin* brick work
+
−
but now tliat lliat woi-k has been ('(tnipleted all arc assi«»ned to
+
−
school and arc sludyiiiL; to make up for the time s])ent ni their
+
−
Irade. They attend as last year one half of each day and are
+
−
emi)loyecl at different work the other half.
+
 
The laundry work is yet being- done in the small room in
 
The laundry work is yet being- done in the small room in
−
tended for a pantry, Mrs. Eva Humphrey had charge of this do-
+
tended for a pantry, Mrs. Eva Humphrey had charge of this department during the year and although she worked under very
−
])artment during the y(»ar and although she worked under very
+
 
great disadvantages the work was satisfactory, but I hope
 
great disadvantages the work was satisfactory, but I hope
−
I
+
before another year to have better accommodations for laundry
−
2
+
−
REPORT OF
+
−
before another year to liave better accommodations for laundry
+
 
work.
 
work.
−
Miss May McGovern lias charge of the kitchen and with the
+
Miss May McGovern has charge of the kitchen and with the
−
help of four bo.ys does the baking and cooking for the entire
+
help of four boys does the baking and cooking for the entire
 
school. The range becoming too small for the increased number
 
school. The range becoming too small for the increased number
−
of children forced ns to purchase a Bakers oven. This Ik
+
of children forced us to purchase a Bakers oven. This is
−
being set up, and will liglitcn the work.
+
being set up, and will lightcn the work.
−
DISCIPLINE.
+
 
 +
==Discipline / Security==
 
I am pleased to state the discipline of the school is good.
 
I am pleased to state the discipline of the school is good.
 
The boys and girls realize the necessity of good order and each
 
The boys and girls realize the necessity of good order and each
 
strive to excel the other in good behavior. One boy who expected
 
strive to excel the other in good behavior. One boy who expected
−
to be released in three weeks, for some nnkn(>wn reason,
+
to be released in three weeks, for some unknown reason,
 
made his escape. He was (by his right age) over twenty-three
 
made his escape. He was (by his right age) over twenty-three
 
years old, so no reward was offered for him.
 
years old, so no reward was offered for him.
−
HEALTH.
+
 
−
There 1ms been very little sickness and no contagions disease
+
==Health==
 +
There has been very little sickness and no contagions disease
 
amongst us. The ladies of the school make it their duty to
 
amongst us. The ladies of the school make it their duty to
 
give their mother's treatment to each ailing one and they are
 
give their mother's treatment to each ailing one and they are
 
soon at their regular duties.
 
soon at their regular duties.
−
NEEDS OF THE SCHOOL.
+
 
−
First—More land, the farm now consists of one hundred
+
==Recommendations==
−
acres, this is just one-sixth as much as it should be, with more
+
#More land, the farm now consists of one hundred acres, this is just one-sixth as much as it should be, with more land we could raise hay, corn and oats enough for our stock and it would enable us to raise more hogs, cattle and sheep, thereby making us more self supporting.
−
land we could raise hay, corn and oats enough for our stock
+
#A good dairy, there is nothing better for growing children than plenty of good milk, this we can not have until our farm is enlarged.
−
and it would enable us to raise more hogs, cattle and sheep,
+
#Cold storage, we are in sore need of some place where we can keep our meat, butter and milk.
−
thereby making us more self supporting.
+
#Bath Boom, "cleanliness is next to godliness," a school can not prosper without the bath room. I hope we will be able to build a good room for the plunge and spray bath in connection with our intended Boiler House.
−
Second—A good dairy, there is nothing better for growing
+
#A system of dry closets, sewerage to the river, which is nearly two miles away, would be very expensive and I suggest you investigate the "Dry Closet System," and urge our next legislative assembly to appropriate for that purpose.
−
children than plenty of good milk, this we can not have until
+
#Dynamo. It will be a saving to the state and of great benefit to our boys if we could generate our own electricity. It would pay for itself in three years, beside giving the boys a chance to learn that trade.
−
our farm is enlarged.
+
#Printing. This is the most valuable trade from an educational standpoint that can be introduced into a Reform School. Boys learn punctuation, capitalization and composition faster at the printer's case than in a school room and for the educational advantages I hope we can introduce the trade the coming year.
−
Third—Cold storage, we are in sore need of some place where
+
#Fencing. All fences are in poor condition, enough lumber, for the north line fence, has been ordered, but we need a good fence in front of the school and cross fences.
−
we can keep our meat, butter and milk.
+
 
−
Fourth—Bath Boom, "cleanliness is next to godliness," a
+
I return my grateful thanks to my faithful employees who
−
school can not prosper without the bath room. I hope we
+
−
Avill be able to build a good room for the plunge and spray bath
+
−
in connection with our intended Boiler House.
+
−
Fifth—A system of dry closets, sewerage to the river, which
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is nearly two miles away, would be very expensive and I sugSTATE
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REFORM SCHOOL. 1
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3
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|i»est you iiivestij»nl(* the "Dry Closet System," aud urge oui*
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next legislative assembly to appropriate for that purpose.
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Sixth—Dynauio. It will be a saving to the state and of great
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benefit to our boys if we eould generate our own eleetricity. It
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would pay for itself in three years, beside giving the b(»ys a
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eliauee to learn that trade.
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Seventh—Printing. This is the most valuable trade from
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au educational standi)oint that can be introduced into a Re
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form School. Boys learn punctuation, capitalization and c(»mposition
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faster at the i)rinter's case than in a school room and
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for the educational advantages I hope Ave can introduce the
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trade the coming year.
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Eighth—Fencing. All fences are in poor con<lition, cnougli
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lumber, for the north line fence, has been ordered, but we need
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a good fence in front of the school and cross fences.
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1 return my grateful thanks to my faithful employees who
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have labored earnestly for fourteen hours each day in their
 
have labored earnestly for fourteen hours each day in their
 
efforts to reform the erring ones under their care, and to the
 
efforts to reform the erring ones under their care, and to the
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press of Miles City aud other cities of tlu^ state for kindly no
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press of Miles City and other cities of the state for kindly notices and support. To the christian people of the state for
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tices and support. To the christian jieople of the state for
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magazines and papers sent us. And to you Hon. Trustees for
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magazines and ])apers sent us. And to you Hon. Ti*ustees for
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the support you have given me and mine at all times and the
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the su[)port you have given me and mine at all times and the
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confidence you have in our management of the School.
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confidence you have in our management of th<> School.
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Very TvespectfiiUy,
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Very respectfully,
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A. J. ilYLTOX,
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A. J. HYLTON,
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Direitoi'.
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Director

Latest revision as of 00:11, 25 December 2013

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